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Acute renal failure is a syndrome of varying causation that results in a sudden decline in renal function. Kidneys are a pair of organs located toward lower back. One kidney is on each side of spine. They filter blood and remove toxins from body. Kidneys send toxins to your bladder. Later body removes toxins during […]
Kidney stones are hard deposits of minerals and acid salts that stick together in concentrated urine. They can be painful when passing through the urinary tract, but usually don’t cause permanent damage.
Training Training is the act of increasing the knowledge and skills of an employee for doing a particular job.Training the new employee is an investment. Employees need to be thoroughly trained so that a maximum benefit is derived on a long term basis. When the employee has a familiarity on the established operational policies and […]
Renal Calculi A small, hard deposit that forms in the kidneys and is often painful when passed. Kidney stones are hard deposits of minerals and acid salts that stick together in concentrated urine. They can be painful when passing through the urinary tract, but usually don’t cause permanent damage. Classification Urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis Causes * […]
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) This is characterized by progressive airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. It includes chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema and bronchial asthma. Chronic bronchitis, is a chronic inflammation of the lower respiratory tract characterized by excessive mucous secretion, cough, and dyspnea associated with recurring infections of lower respiratory tract. Pulmonary emphysema, […]
Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airway causing mucosal oedema and increased mucous production. Causes * Exposure to indoor and outdoor allergens * Airway irritant Risk factors * Family history of bronchial asthma * Exposure to airway irritants (weed, pollens, dust, strong odours, smoke) Signs and Symptoms: * Non-Productive cough * Dyspnea * Diaphoresis […]
Anaemia Anaemia is a condition in which there is a reduction in the number of red blood cells and a deficiency of haemoglobin resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity. Causes 1. Blood loss related to trauma 2. Decreased production of platelets. 3. Increased destruction of platelets 4. Decreased number of clotting factor. 5. Impairment of RBC […]
Myocardial infarction refers to a dynamic process by which one or more regions of myocardium experience prolonged decrease in oxygen supply because of insufficient coronary blood flow causing necrosis of tissue. Causes * Occlusion of a coronary artery * Streneous physical activity * Emotional stress such as anger * Exposure to cold * Thrombus formation […]
Hypertension A normal blood pressure reads as 120/80 where 120 denotes the systolic pressure and 80 denotes the diastolic pressure. When the value of blood pressure is 140/90 and above, then it is called as high blood pressure or hypertension. Blood pressure is the force of blood pressing against the walls of the blood vessels […]
Appendicitis Appendicitis is an inflammation of the vermiform appendix caused by obstruction of the intestinal lumen from infection, stricture, fecal mass, foreign body or tumour. Causes 1. Obstruction of the appendix causes accumulation of mucus and swelling leading to appendicitis. 2. Obstruction occurs due to the accumulation of faecal matter, enlargement of lymphoid follicles, intestinal […]
Inflammation of the gall bladder Causes * Exact cxauses is not known * Gall stones and kinking or twisting of bile duct Risk factor * Sedentary life style * Obesity Signs & Symptoms * Pain on right upper quadrant/epigastric or both * Nausea * Vomiting * Increased temperature * Mild jaundice Investigations * Ultrasonography * […]
Hernia A hernia is a protrusion of an organ, tissue or structure through the wall of the cavity in which it is normally contained. Causes 1. Congenital weakness of the abdominal wall. 2. Acquired causes (traumatic injury, aging). 3. Increased intra-abdominal pressure due to heavy lifting, obesity, pregnancy, straining and chronic coughing. Types of hernia […]
Basic Weaving Operation: Basic Loom Operations: Selvedges: Thread Count: Basic Weave Structures: Surface figured weaves: Basic Weaving Operation: The machine used for weaving fabrics is a loom. Before weaving yarns intended forwarp must pass through such operations as spooling, wraping and slashing to preparethem to withstand the strain of weaving process. These processes do not […]
WARP: 1.Most Garments are cut in lengthwise 2.These are parallel to the selvedge 3.Yarns are finer in warp-wise direction as they have higher twist as warps have to go through lots of processing. 4.Filamentous yarns are preferred as warps 5.Yarns are stronger 6.Twist is more and yarns per inch is also more 7.Ply are preffered […]
Yarn forms: (a) A number of fibers twisted together. (b) A number of filaments laid together without twist. (c) A number of filaments laid together with more or less twist. (d) A single mono filament. E.g . Silk TYPES OF YARNS: Yarns can be made either from short staple length fibers or from filament fibers. […]
“Yarn is defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) as “A generic term for a continuous strand of textile fiber, filament, or material suitable for knitting, weaving to form a textile fabric”. YARN MANUFACTURING SYSTEM: The twisting process by which fibers are formed into a yarn is referred to as spinning. Spinning […]
TALK approach * T – TELL about healthy life style to practice all the hygienic practices. * A –ADVICE to individuals and families what to do to reduce risk and adopt healthy life styles. * L – LEAD collective community action to reduce the risk factor by working with community based organisation. * K – […]
Ways Of Controlling Diseases 1) Wash your hands before and after contact with an infected person.All bodily fluids from the infected person are considered contagious. Hand washing is one of the most standard ways to avoid infection.Wash your hands throughly. 2) Wash for the appropriate amount of time, or use hand sanitizer. Use an alcohol-based […]
Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Its caused by infection with the bacterium neisseria gonorrhoea, it tends to infect warm, moist area of the body. Causative organism * Nesseria Gonorrhoea Incubation period * 2-5 daysafter exposure Symptoms In men • White, yellow or green urethral discharge (pus-like) • Pain in the testicles or scrotum […]
HIV is a virus that damages the immune systems, which helps the body to off infection. Causative organism * Human immuno deficiency virus Incubation period * Between 2 weeks to months, or longer *Through Body Transmission of HIV * Body Fluids * Blood * Breast milk * Semen * Vaginal and rectal fluids * Sharing […]