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Food is considered as a prime necessity for living beings especially for humans. It supplies energy for activities, maintain and repair tissues and gives protection from diseases. Food is a substance, which after ingestion, digestion and absorption is capable of being utilized by the body for its various functions. In this lesson, the students will […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 30 – Art Gallery The Younger Lord Pazluvoor drag ged Vandiya Devan to the audience chamber along with him. The explanation given by the youth about his conversation with the Emperor had not completely satisfied him. Perhaps it was a mistake to have permitted him to meet the Emperor in privacy. It […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 29 – “Our Guest” After the poets had departed, the palace doctor mixed a medicinal potion and brought it to the Emperor. Malayaman’s daughter, the Queen Consort received the goblet in her hands and gave it to her lord the Emperor. The Younger Lord Pazluvoor, who waited patiently till the Emperor had […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 28 – Iron Grip When he had survived from the flood of surprise that drowned him, the court poet Nallavan Sattanar said, “My Lord! Does it mean …? The poet who wrote these verses is…” “It is this Emperor of the earth who lies on this sickbed without the use of his […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 27 – Court Poets Watch out! Watch out! Here come the great poets! The best of the bards! Those who have swum the great oceans of Tamil literature! Those who have followed in the tradition of Agastya! They who have drunk the essence of Tolkappiyam and other such ancient works of the […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 26 – Danger! Danger! Vandiya Devan entered the audience chamber ahead of the poets. He guessed that the stately person seated on the high throne was the Younger Lord of Pazluvoor. Several persons s tood around him in deferential postures with hands folded and lips sealed. One person stood with several bundles […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 25 – Inside The Fort The signet ring with the palmtree emblem had miraculous powers like the magical rings in fairy tales! In that morning hour, various people – vendors of milk, curds and other dairy products, fruit and vegetable sellers, butchers, farmers, others engaged in various trades, clerks and accountants, petty […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 24 – A Cuckoo And A Crow Vandiya Devan slept through the night like a log and woke up only after sunrise in the morning. Even after waking, he was lying down without the will to get up. The light breeze ti. blew briskly, leaves of the creepers and trees rubbed against […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 23 – Amudan’s Mother The Velaikara Battalion wound its way through the main market street. Some of the men walking towards the end of the parade performed certain audacities in that marketplace. One fellow entered the shop of a food vendor and carried out a basket of sweetcakes; he distributed the cakes […]
Minerals These are the inorganic compounds in micro quantities which are essential for many vital functions of the body. The minerals constituent of the body amounts to 4.3 to 4.4 %, largely in the skeleton. General Functions of Minerals As constituents of hard tissue. (eg.) calcium and phosphorus in bone and teeth. As constituents of […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 22 – Velaikara Battalion Of Velirs First, the outer screens emblazoned with the palmtree symbol parted; next the silken inner curtains were pushed aside. The golden hand seen by Vallavarayan o nce before, the hand which had stunned him, could be seen once again. Thinking that it was no longer polite to […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 21 – The Curtains Parted Can two minds function at the same time in one body? Yes – Vandiya Devan knew the answer because of his experiences that day! He was tra velling through the most fertile of the bountiful Chozla lands. It was the season of new floods in all the […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 20 Azlvar– The First Enemy Adiyan gave his heartfelt thanks to the vampire bat which helped him at the right time; a hooting owl gave further aid. The con spirators gathered in the clearing thought that the noise was made by the owl or the bat. “Hey fellow! This bat has frightened […]
Ponniyin SelvanChapter 19 — Battlefield And Forest It was a practice among the Tamils of the ancient times to erect a hero stone and raise a memorial for great warriors who died bravely in the battlefield. If the memorial was marked merely by a stone tablet the place was known as the stone monument of […]
Ponniyin Selvan Chapter 18 – Idumban Kari We left Azlvaradiyan, also known as Thirumalai, at the ferry landing near Kollidam. Let us consider that Vaishnava zealot once again. When Vandiya Devan sat upon his horse a nd rode away towards Kudanthai, Mr. Thirumalai started mumbling these words to himself: “This youth is very sharp. If […]
Water Soluble Vitamins Vitamin B1-Thiamine Vitamin B2-Riboflavin Vitamin B3-Niacin Vitamin B5-Pantothenic acid Vitamin B6-Pyridoxin Vitamin B7-Biotin Vitamin B9-Folic acid Vitamin B12-Cyanocobalamine Vitamin C -Ascorbicacid These vitamins are essential for many metabolic functions of the body. These are daily required in diet. Vitamin B1- Thiamine Thiamine is essential for the normal metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. […]
Political Empowerment Participation of women in the political field and in various decision-making bodies is an important tool for empowerment. The participation of women at all levels of governance structures is the highest need of this hour for women’s actual empowerment. Alida Brill (2000) holds that, “Without our own voices being heard inside the government […]
Economic empowerment is the crying need of this hour. “Wage employment means economic power” (Elliott, 2008, p. 86). Through employment women earn money and it enables women and girls to become ‘bread earners’, contributing members of households with a strong sense of their own economic independence. “Economic empowerment is a powerful tool against poverty” (Biswas, […]
“Traditional concepts recognize higher education as an instrument of personal development. It helps in growing an individual’s intellectual horizons, wellbeing and potential for empowerment” (The Kurukshetra, September 2012, p. 25). It is considered as the single most important instrument of sociopolitical and economic transformation. But the picture of women’s educational empowerment is not rosy in […]
Social Empowerment Social Empowerment refers to the enabling force that strengthens women’s social relations and their position in social structures. Social empowerment addresses the social discriminations existing in the society based on disability, race, ethnicity, religion, or gender. Empowerment as a methodology is often associated with feminism. Broadly put, the term empowerment is defined as […]