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Ecosystem Management It is a process that integrates ecological, socio economic and institutional factors into a comprehensive strategy in order to sustain and enhance the quality of the ecosystem to meet current and future needs. Ecosystem management emphasis on human role in judicious use of ecosystem and for sustained benefits through minimal human impacts on […]
Structure of Pond ecosystem It is a classical example for natural, aquatic, freshwater, lentic type of ecosystem. It helps us to understand the structure and function of an ecosystem. When rain water gathers in a shallow area, gradually over a period of time, different kinds of organisms (microbes, plants, animals) become part of this ecosystem. […]
Exchange of nutrients between organisms and their environment is one of the essential aspects of an ecosystem. All organisms require nutrients for their growth, development, maintenance and reproduction. Circulation of nutrients within the ecosystem or biosphere is known as biogeochemical cycles and also called as ‘cycling of materials.’ There are two basic types, 1. Gaseous […]
Decomposition: Decomposition is a process in which the detritus (dead plants, animals and their excreta) are breaken down in to simple organic matter by the decomposers. It is an essential process for recycling and balancing the nutrient pool in an ecosystem Nature of decomposition The process of decomposition varies based on the nature of the […]
Ecological pyramids Graphic representation of the trophic structure and function at successive trophic levels of an ecosystem is called ecological pyramids. The concept of ecological pyramids was introduced by Charles Elton (1927). Thus they are also called as Eltonian pyramids. There are three types: (1) pyramid of number (2) pyramid of biomass (3) pyramid of […]
Food chain The movement of energy from producers upto top carnivores is known as food chain, i.e., in any food chain, energy flows from producers to primary consumers, then from primary consumers to secondary consumers, and finally secondary consumers to tertiary consumers. Hence, it shows linear network links. Generally, there are two types of food […]
It is a mechanical process that finishes the fabric, by passing it between sets of rollers and applying heat and pressure. The outside of the rollers can be smoother or engraved to give the perfect finish to the fabric, the structure of the rollers varies from hardened chromium plated steel to elastic thermoplastic rollers. By […]
Bleaching Bleach is a chemical that removes colour or whitens a fabric via oxidation or reduction method. Many types of bleach have strong bactericidal properties, and are used for disinfecting and sterilizing. Bleaching is another important pretreatment next to scouring, performed on cotton fibres. This treatment is given to decolourize the natural colouring matter present […]
Daily Current Affairs One Liners 22 December 2020 . 22 December : National Mathematics Day ADB & India Sign USD 300 Million Loan Agreement For Power Distribution Network In UP SBI General Insurance Collaborates With RailYatri To Provide Rs.5 Lakh Travel Cover India’s 1st Centre Of Excellence For Skill Development In Power Sector Inaugurated In […]
Daily Current Affairs One Liners – 21 December 2020 . BBC Sports Personality Awards 2020 Lewis Hamilton Won BBC Sports Personality Of The Year 2020 2nd Place At BBC Sports Personality Of The Year 2020 : Jordan Henderson 3rd Place At BBC Sports Personality Of The Year 2020 : Hollie Doyle Khabib Nurmagomedov Named BBC […]
Daily Current Affairs 20 December 2020. 19 December : Goa Liberation Day NASA Appoints Raja Chari As Commander Of SpaceX Crew-3 Mission President Arif Alvi Of Pakistan Recently Passed The Anti-Rape Ordinance 2020 This Is The 1st National Sex Offenders Register Being Created In The Country DM Rajnath Singh Handed Over 3 Defence Systems Developed […]
Energy flow The transfer of energy in an ecosystem between trophic levels can be termed as energy flow. It is the key function in an ecosystem. Part of the energy obtained from the sun by producers is transferred to consumers and decomposers through each trophic level, while some amount of energy is dissipated in the […]
The rate of biomass production per unit area in a unit time is called productivity. It can be expressed in terms of gm /m2/year or Kcal/m2/ year. It is classified as given bellow. 1. Primary productivity 2. Secondary productivity 3. Community productivity 1. Primary productivity: The chemical energy or organic matter generated by autotrophs during […]
The amount of light available for photosynthesis of plants is called Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) which is from of 400-700 nm in wave length. It is essential for photosynthesis and plant growth. PAR is not always constant because of clouds, tree shades, air, dust particles, seasons, latitudes and length of the daylight availability. Generally plants […]
Have you seen lakes, ponds and pools in your surroundings? They are all called water bodies with many components in them. Can you list out the things which are found in water bodies? Mud, nutrients, clay, dissolved gases, planktons, microorganisms, plants like algae, Hydrilla, Nelumbo, Nymphaea and animals like snake, small fish, large fish, frog, […]
Both fruits and seeds possess attractive colour, odour, shape and taste needed for the dispersal by birds, mammals, reptiles, fish, ants and insects even earthworms. The seed consists of an embryo, stored food material and a protective covering called seed coat. As seeds contain miniature but dormant future plants, their dispersal is an important criterion […]
This type of finish changes the internal performance of the fabric. These are given to improve the aesthetic purpose of a fabric. Thus functional finishes can be further divided into two groups : 1. Aesthetic Finish It is given to enhance the fabric appearance and its draping ability. Some of the important aesthetic finishes are […]
Daily Current Affairs One Liners – 17 December 2020 . * The Indian Coast Guard Launches Operation Oliva To Protect Turtles * CRISIL Forecasted India’s GDP At -7.7% For The Year 2021 *GRSE , Kolkata Built ‘Himgiri , The 1st Of The 3 Project 17A Ships Launched In Kolkata GRSE : Garden Reach Shipbuilders And […]
Halophytes There are special type of Halophytic plants which grow on soils with high concentration of salts. Examples: Rhizophora, Sonneratia and Avicennia. Halophytes are usually found near the seashores and Estuaries. The soils are physically wet but physiologically dry. As plants cannot use salt water directly they require filtration of salt using physiological processes. This […]
Ecological adaptations The modifications in the structure of organisms to survive successfully in an environment are called adaptations of organisms. Adaptations help the organisms to exist under the prevailing ecological habitat. Based on the habitats and the corresponding adaptations of plants, they are classified as hydrophytes, xerophytes, mesophytes, epiphytes and halophytes. Epiphytes Epiphytes are plants […]